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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

maslow's hierarchy of needs five stage pyramid
  • Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
  • Needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up.
  • From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
  • Cite:
    https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html
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專注「成就感」，而不是「樂趣」

當今社會，學習資源極易取得，然而，娛樂資源更是隨處可得，其結果，學習的成功與否，很大程度便決定於，學習者究竟是能擅加利用學習資源，亦或是深陷娛樂資源無法自拔，也因此，學習動機（motivation）在近幾年來討論度相當高，大量的教育工作者都在想辦法增加課程的樂趣，希望能讓學習者對學習上癮，如同對遊戲上癮一般，然而，Toma 建議：

請停止追求樂趣

Takeaway:

  • Stop improving the fun part of education but focus on the learning efficiency for the sense of achievement.
  • It is very important that young souls learn from school that they can earn what they want through pains and efforts before they graduate and enter the cruel society.
  • Teachers should avoid being an actor or actress to serve the information with smile and fun, but instead should try to be a coach to require and help the students.
Continue reading “專注「成就感」，而不是「樂趣」”
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FLOW

FlOW 是 Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi 提出的心理學理論，其中談到若給予學習者的「challenge」與個體本身的「skill」沒有達到正確的比例，那學習就無樂趣可言，反之，若能控制好比例，便能產生極大的成就感與樂趣！最簡單的例子便是電腦遊戲，為了讓人們上癮，遊戲設計師費盡苦心，想辦法將遊戲的挑戰難度設定地比玩家能力高一點點，隨著玩家玩的愈熟，難度也相對應提升，借此引發玩家的熱情。

Continue reading “FLOW”
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Quotes

as the saying goes:

超實用諺語！
就像諺語所言

關於道地美國的諺語，學這七個就好了：clip

adage：諺語

如果不是要提出諺語，而是要把某諺語本身當主詞或受詞來用，就需要用到這個字，下面列出常見用法：

超實用諺語！
不實用，但用出來超神諺語，本句結構很常見也很精妙喔！
連背都不用背的諺語XD

it is said that / rumor has it：聽說

all-round：通盤的
revamp：改頭換面

legend has it：傳說

  1. actions speak louder than words
  2. honesty is the best policy
  3. no news is good news
  4. better late than never
  5. slow and steady wins the race
  6. the grass is always greener on the other side
  7. do unto others what you would have them do unto you